Breast Cancer

Breast cancer

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in the world, affecting about one in nine women at some point in their lives. Men can also have breast cancer. The prognosis for breast cancer has improved because it is possible to detect breast cancer at an earlier stage and treatment methods have advanced. Most sufferers are able to return to normal life after treatment; more than 90% of those affected survive five years after diagnosis.

The risk of breast cancer increases with age: as we grow older, we have more diseases. However, it is also worth remembering that one in five women is under 50 when they fall ill.

How Is Breast Cancer Generally Found?

Some cases of breast cancer are found in nationwide mammography screenings for women between the ages of 50 and 68. However, a significant number of cases are found outside the screening, for example, in the resolution of a breast lump or other symptom.

The risk of breast cancer begins to increase after the age of 40, and asymptomatic patients may also need to have a mammography examination every two years. The risk of breast cancer increases with age, so it is worthwhile to continue examinations after the completion of screening at the age of 68 years. Breastfeeding is also a good idea to take care of yourself and you should also ask your doctor to examine your breasts.

In addition to palpation, the surest way to detect breast cancer is mammography and ultrasound, which together find almost all breast cancers. The most sensitive single imaging method to detect breast cancer by imaging is magnetic resonance imaging.

Symptoms of breast cancer

The most common symptoms of breast cancer are

Hand marked nodule in chest

Sudden change in breast size

Nervous or chest retraction

Secretion from nipples

Nasal or nasal rash

Pain or itching or otherwise abnormal sensations in the chest.

If symptoms occur, it is a good idea to go for an examination immediately. Symptomatic individuals should undergo extensive mammography screening, including ultrasound. For those under the age of 30, an ultrasound scan is initially performed. The bee gets the time off the queue, and the attending doctor can quickly access the results via an electronic information system.

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In clinical mammography, enlargement images of breast changes can also be taken to further improve the accuracy and sensitivity of the study. A tissue sample (Thin Needle Biopsy, PNB) is always taken for suspected tumour changes at the time of the ultrasound. If the nipples become bloody or clear yellowish secretions, the studies can be continued with a galactographic examination, i.e., a contrast imaging of the milk passage or magnetic resonance imaging of the breast.

Risk factors for breast cancer

Although the exact cause of breast cancer is unknown, several risk factors for breast cancer are known.

Risk factors for breast cancer include:

Early-onset of menstruation, late-onset menopause

Childbirth and late first childbirth

Long-term (over 5 years) menopause hormone replacement therapy

Family history of breast cancer

Overweight (especially after menopause)

Heavy alcohol use

Extremely dense breast tissue

Ionizing radiation

In turn, the risk of breast cancer is reduced by:

Regular exercise

First childbirth at a young age

Multiple full-time pregnancies

Ovarian surgery

Breast removal

Has your breast been examined?

Self-monitoring may influence the finding of early breast cancer. If your breast is symptomatic or you want to make sure your breasts are healthy, a referral from a doctor may request an examination for mammography by Mehiläinen.

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